水电能源科学

设上下游双调压室抽水蓄能电站在水力稳定性及运行灵活性方面比其他电站具有独特优势，进而开展了基于萤火虫算法的调压室面积优化研究。首先建立了设上下游调压室抽水蓄能电站仿真模型，然后以调压室面积为优化变量，构建了以系统稳定性为目标的适应度函数，将调压室的水位振幅和衰减度作为评价指标，在两调压室总面积固定的前提下，利用萤火虫算法对调压室面积进行全局寻优。结果表明，基于萤火虫算法优化后的调压室面积参数在应对不同负荷扰动工况时，有效提升了调压室系统的稳定性，与未优化相比，优化后的调压室水位波动幅值更小，衰减度更大，实现了更快，更稳定的调压室系统响应。

The pumped storage power station with upstream and downstream double surge chamber has unique advantages in hydraulic stability and operational flexibility compared to other stations. In this study, an optimization research on surge chamber area based on the firefly algorithm was conducted. Firstly, a simulation model of the pumped storage power station with upstream-downstream pressure chamber was established. Then, the pressure chamber area was used as the optimization variable, and an adaptive fitness function aimed at system stability was constructed. Water level amplitude and damping degree of the pressure chambers served as evaluation indicators. Under the premise of a fixed total area for the two pressure chambers, the firefly algorithm was employed to perform a global search for optimal pressure chamber areas. The results show that after optimization based on the firefly algorithm, the pressure chamber area parameters significantly improved the system's stability under various load disturbance conditions. Compared to the non-optimized case, the optimized pressure chambers exhibited smaller water level oscillations and greater damping, achieving faster and more stable system responses.