水电能源科学

抽水蓄能电站侧式进/出水口布置在有水流通过的河道库区内时，进/出水口及明渠内水流会与河道水流存在复杂的相互作用。为研究河道水流进入明渠至进/出水口内，在不同的入流角度下各水力特性的影响规律，以某抽水蓄能电站下水库为例，拟定11种角度的入流角，分析进流工况引水明渠内部的流态及流速分布的影响。结果表明，在对称水库地形条件下，入流角度的变化会显著影响明渠内水流结构，导致拦污栅断面流速分布均匀性降低，并诱发不利环流的产生；在进流工况下，随着入流角度的增大，进/出水口与河道主流接近垂直布置时，明渠内环流强度减弱，拦污栅断面流速均匀性得到了改善。

When the side inlet/outlet of pumped storage power station is arranged in a river reservoir with flowing water, complex interactions occur between the flows in the inlet/outlet and open channel and the natural river flow. To explore how different inflow angles affect the hydraulic characteristics when river water inflows the open channel and flows to the inlet/outlet, this study takes the lower reservoir of a pumped storage power station as the research object. The impacts of 11 distinct inflow angles on the flow regime and velocity distribution in the diversion open channel under inflow conditions are analyzed. The results show that under symmetrical reservoir topography, changes of the inflow angle significantly affect the internal flow structure of the open channel, reducing the uniformity of velocity distribution at the trash rack section and inducing adverse circulation. Under inflow conditions, as the inflow angle increases, the degree of turbulence wanes in the open channel and the velocity profile at the trash rack segment turns more consistent when the inlet/outlet is nearly perpendicular to the main stream of the river.