水电能源科学

抽水蓄能电站是实现碳中和目标的关键基础设施。针对抽蓄电站引水竖井—调压室结合布置方案，运用三维计算流体力学方法，对其水头损失特性开展研究。首先建立上游进水口到机组进口的三维模型，然后分析引水竖井—调压室结合、不结合布置体型下的水力特性，最后探讨结合布置体型下转弯段直径、阻抗孔孔径等对水头损失的影响规律。结果表明，引水竖井—调压室结合布置与不结合布置体型压力分布较为相似，结合布置体型没有恶化水力学特性，反射水锤效果较好。结合布置体型下，转弯段直径和阻抗孔直径越大，水头损失系数越小。研究结果可为抽水蓄能电站新型结构设计提供理论参考。

The pumped storage power stations are critical infrastructure for achieving carbon neutrality goals. Based on the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics method, the head loss characteristics in the combined diversion shaft-surge chamber arrangement are investigated. Firstly, the three-dimensional model from the upstream inlet to the inlet of the unit is established. Then, the hydraulic characteristics under different arrangement types are analyzed. Finally, the influence of the diameter of the turning section and the impedance holes on the head loss is explored under the combination arrangement. The results indicate that the pressure distributions are similar in combined and uncombined arrangements. The hydrodynamic characteristics are not deteriorated and reflective water hammer is more effective in combined arrangements. Under the combined arrangement, the larger the diameter of the turning section and the impedance hole, the smaller the head loss coefficient is. This study can provide theoretical references for the design of new structures for pumped storage power stations.