水电能源科学

为满足支汊河道泄洪和灌溉需求，掌握三分汊河道水流分流特性有重要实际意义。基于数值模拟和物理模型试验，对不同分汊角度下三分汊汊口的水位变化、流速分布和流量分配特性进行研究。结果表明，对于三分汊河道，分汊角度越大，支汊流速越小，变角度一侧的支汊分流量逐渐减小，固定角度一侧的支汊分流量和主汊分流量逐渐增大；基于量纲分析，得出考虑各汊进口弗劳德数的三分汊河道分流比计算式。经验证，计算式对三分汊河道支汊分流比的预测精度较好。

In order to meet the flood discharge and irrigation requirements of tributary channels, it is of great practical significance to master the water flow diversion characteristics of the three-branch river channel. Based on numerical simulation and physical model experiments, the water level changes, velocity distribution, and flow allocation characteristics at the mouth of three tributaries river under different branching angles were studied. The results show that for a three-branch river channel, the larger the branching angle, the smaller the flow velocity in the tributary is, and the flow allocation in the variable angle side gradually decreases, while the flow allocation in the fixed angle side and the main branch gradually increases. Based on dimensional analysis, a three-branch river flow diversion ratio calculation formula was obtained considering the Froude number at each branch inlet. The formula was verified, and it was found that the prediction accuracy of the formula for the flow diversion ratio of the tributary channels in a three-branch river system was good.