水电能源科学

供水系统事故停泵后，管路极易出现全线负压及超高正压问题。对此，结合工程实例，以瞬变流分析的特征线法为基础，建立水力过渡过程数学模型，利用PIPENET软件对多种工况进行数值模拟计算，对比不同防护措施对管路水锤的影响。基于内胆式水锤消除罐技术及特性，探讨参数变化对内胆式水锤消除罐水锤防护效果的影响规律。计算结果表明，多功能水泵控制阀零流速自适应关阀相较液控蝶阀更能发挥内胆式水锤消除罐水锤防护作用；内胆式水锤消除罐体积一定时，水锤防护效果为卧式>球式>立式，适当增大高径比和气液比可提升罐体反射水锤的能力；确定“多功能水泵控制阀+水击泄放阀+内胆式水锤消除罐”联合防护为本工程最为安全的水锤防护方式。研究成果丰富了内胆式水锤消除罐选型参数指标，为其他长距离有压输水工程水锤防护提供了参考。

After the water supply system accident stops the pump, the pipeline is prone to full-line negative pressure and ultra-high positive pressure problems. Combined with engineering examples, based on the characteristic line method of transient flow analysis, a mathematical model of hydraulic transition process was established, and PIPENET software was used to numerically simulate various working conditions to compare the impacts of different protective measures on pipeline water hammer. Based on the technology and characteristics of the inner tank water hammer elimination tank, the impaqct of parameter changes on the protection effect of the inner tank water hammer elimination tank water hammer was discussed. The calculation results show that the zero-flow adaptive shut-off valve of the multi-functional water pump control valve can play a better role in protecting inner tank water hammer elimination tank than the hydraulic control butterfly valve; When the inner tank water hammer elimination tank has a certain volume, the water hammer protection effect is sorted as: horizontal type > spherical type > vertical type, appropriately increasing the height-diameter ratio and gas-liquid ratio can improve the ability of the tank to reflect the water hammer; It is determined that the "multi-functional water pump control valve + water hammer drain valve + inner tank water hammer elimination tank" combined protection is the safest water hammer protection method for this project. The results have enriched the selection parameters of the inner tank water hammer elimination tank, and provided a reference for other long-distance pressure water transmission projects water hammer protection.