水电能源科学

水下地形是河流管理和水库运行调度的重要基础数据，河床纵剖面则是重要的地形特征参数，是决定河道或水库流速及水位沿程变化的关键要素之一。为此，基于水流能量方程，引用宽深比指标■/H和断面形心相对深度指标H_c/H定量评价断面形态，针对某电站建立过水断面面积和水力半径与最大水深的相关关系，提出了在水面线控制下反演水库淤积前后水下地形深泓纵剖面的解析法。算例研究结果表明，所提水下地形纵剖面反演解析法能快速精确反演河道及水库淤积后水下地形，可为建库前后地形快速确定提供一种新途径。

Underwater topography serves as essential foundational data for river management and reservoir scheduling. The riverbed longitudinal profile is a significant topographical characteristic and is one of the key elements determining the flow velocity and water level variation along the river or reservoir. Based on the energy equation of flow, this paper employs the width-to-depth ratio ■/H and the relative depth of the section centroid H_c/H as indicators to quantitatively assess the cross-sectional morphology. The correlation relationship between the cross-sectional area, hydraulic radius, and the maximum water depth for a certain power station is established. An analytical method for inverting the longitudinal profile of deep pools of underwater topography before and after reservoir siltation under the control of water surface lines was proposed. Case study results indicate that the proposed method can quickly and accurately invert underwater topography after the siltation of rivers and reservoirs, providing a new approach for rapid determination of topography before and after reservoir construction.