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在电站实际运行中，下游尾水水力扰动可能会对机组稳定性带来潜在影响。基于SSTκ-ω湍流模型对原型水轮机进行两相流空化数值计算，探究尾水管内部空腔涡带在有无外加尾水扰动作用下的发展规律，揭示了在多种频率和幅值的尾水扰动作用下机组内部的水力干涉特性。研究结果表明，外加尾水扰动会引起尾水管空腔的周期性结构变化，造成机组出力波动；不同程度的扰动均会加剧主频成分的压力脉动，尾水扰动频率与尾水管涡带频率接近时会产生共振效应，且在接近额定工况下尾水扰动造成的水力损失较小；因尾水扰动直接作用于尾水管内部流态，熵产损失主要分布在尾水管内部。
Abstract：In the actual operation of power station, hydraulic disturbances in the downstream tailwater tunnel may have a potential impact on the stability of the units. Based on the SST κ-ω turbulence model, this paper conducts numerical calculations of two-phase flow cavitation in Francis turbines, explores the development law of the internal cavity vortex in the draft tube, and reveals the hydraulic interference characteristics inside the unit under the influence of tailwater disturbances of various frequencies and amplitudes. The research results show that the external tailwater disturbance will intensify the periodic structural changes of cavity vortex in the draft tube, causing fluctuations in the output of the unit. Disturbances of different degrees will significantly increase the pressure pulsation amplitude of the main frequency component. When the disturbance frequency of the tail water is consistent with the cavity vortex frequency of the draft tube, a resonance effect will occur, and the hydraulic loss caused by the disturbance of the tail water is relatively small under conditions close to the rated working conditions. Due to the direct impact of tail water disturbance on the internal flow state, the entropy generation loss is mainly distributed within the draft tube.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2026.20251555
中图分类号:TV734.1
引用信息:
[1]李浩彬,周大庆,王浩博,等.模拟尾水扰动下混流式水轮机高负荷工况空腔涡带演变特性研究[J].水电能源科学,2026,44(10):197-202.DOI:10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2026.20251555.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51979086);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51839008)
2025-09-06
2025
2026-07-20
2025-12-30
2025
1
2026-01-21
2026-01-21
2026-01-21